Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is located in Southeast Asia, lying on the eastern edge of the Indochinese Peninsula. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the east. Vietnam is the 15th most populous country in the world, with Hanoi as its capital and Ho Chi Minh City as its largest city and main economic hub. The country’s landscape is diverse, featuring mountains, dense tropical forests, and expansive coastlines, which include the famous Ha Long Bay with its emerald waters and thousands of limestone islands. Vietnam’s history is marked by several periods of foreign occupations and wars, notably its division into North and South Vietnam and the Vietnam War. Today, Vietnam’s economy is rapidly growing, driven by exports and manufacturing, and it is known for its rich cultural heritage, vibrant street food culture, and prominent role in the coffee and rice global markets. The nation is also noted for its efforts in conservation, including protecting its diverse ecosystems and endangered species.
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