Germany, officially known as the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central and Western Europe. It is bordered by Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union and covers an area that spans various geographical landscapes from the North European Plain, through the central German Uplands, to the Alps in the south.
Berlin, the capital, is known for its art scene and modern landmarks like the Brandenburg Gate. Germany has a robust economy, the largest in Europe, which is powered by industrial production, particularly in automobiles, machinery, chemicals, and electronics, alongside a strong service sector.
Historically, Germany was a collection of small principalities and kingdoms until unification in 1871. It was pivotal in both World Wars and was divided into East and West during the Cold War. Since reunification in 1990, Germany has played a central role in European politics and the global economy. It is recognized for its contributions to arts, philosophy, sciences, and technological achievements, and maintains a strong commitment to environmental sustainability and international peace.
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